Implementation of Discussion and Problem-Solving Methods in Indonesian Language Learning for Grade V at MI Al Fithrah

This study aims to examine the implementation of discussion and problem-solving
methods in Indonesian language learning among fifth-grade students at MI Al
Fithrah Surabaya. The study was conducted in response to classroom conditions
in which student participation in discussion activities was uneven. While some
students actively participated, others remained hesitant to express their opinions
or explain reading materials in their own words. This study employed a descriptive
qualitative approach. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and
documentation involving the fifth-grade teacher and students at MI Al Fithrah
Surabaya. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and
Huberman, consisting of data collection, data reduction, data display, and
conclusion drawing. The credibility of the findings was established through source
and technique triangulation. The results indicate that the teacher planned the
lessons by selecting learning materials that could be presented as problems for
discussion and organizing students into small groups to facilitate collaborative
learning. During the learning process, the teacher presented problems, guided
group discussions, and assisted students in formulating conclusions
collaboratively. However, time constraints prevented the groups from presenting
their discussion results. Furthermore, most students demonstrated greater
confidence in expressing their opinions and collaborating with peers, although
differences in students’ learning pace remained a challenge. These findings indicate
that the integration of discussion and problem-solving methods can foster a more
active and collaborative learning environment, provided that time management and
group organization are effectively implemented.